{"id":4832,"date":"2022-06-23T17:58:59","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T15:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/polishnative.pl\/?p=4832"},"modified":"2025-10-24T20:57:38","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T18:57:38","slug":"rzeczowniki-przymiotniki-meskoosobowe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/polishnative.pl\/en\/rzeczowniki-przymiotniki-meskoosobowe\/","title":{"rendered":"DobRZY profesorOWIE i m\u0142odZI studenCI"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Liczba mnoga rzeczownik\u00f3w m\u0119skoosobowych to rozleg\u0142y relatywnie trudny temat. Dlatego postanowi\u0142am mu po\u015bwi\u0119ci\u0107 troch\u0119 wi\u0119cej uwagi.<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

The plural forms of the masculine personal nouns is a wide and relatively difficult topic. Which is why I decided to dedicate some more attention to it.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Wyja\u015bnijmy to raz jeszcze:<\/p>\n

W liczbie mnogiej rzeczowniki w j\u0119zyku polskim dziel\u0105 si\u0119 na m\u0119skoosobowe i niem\u0119skoosobowe. M\u0119skoosobowe – to te, kt\u00f3re nazywaj\u0105 osoby p\u0142ci m\u0119skiej dowolnego wieku i nic wi\u0119cej. Niem\u0119skoosobowe – to ca\u0142a reszta rzeczownik\u00f3w, niezale\u017cnie od ich rodzaju w liczbie pojedynczej. Rzeczownik “st\u00f3\u0142” jest rodzaju m\u0119skiego, ale nie nazywa m\u0119\u017cczyzny, a przedmiot, wi\u0119c w liczbie mnogiej rzeczownik sto\u0142y b\u0119dzie si\u0119 odnosi\u0142 do tej samej kategorii, co i rzeczowniki “dzieci”, “kobiety”, “miesi\u0105ce”, “kwiaty”, “pomys\u0142y”, “nadzieje” itp.<\/p>\n

Rzeczowniki m\u0119skoosobowe i odnosz\u0105ce si\u0119 do nich przymiotniki tworz\u0105 liczb\u0119 mnog\u0105 inaczej, ni\u017c niem\u0119skoosobowe. Por\u00f3wnajmy:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Let’s explain it one more time:<\/p>\n

In plural Polish nouns are divided into masculine personal and non-masculine nouns. The masculine personal nouns are those related to male men of any age, nothing else. Non-masculine nouns are all the other nouns regardless of their gender in singular. The noun “st\u00f3\u0142” is masculine, but it’s not related to a man, but to an object, which is why in plural the noun “sto\u0142y” will be connected to the same cathegory as the nouns “dzieci” (children), “kobiety” (women), “miesi\u0105ce” (months), “kwiaty” (flowers), “pomys\u0142y” (ideas), “nadzieje” (hopes) etc.<\/p>\n

The masculine personal nouns and the adjectives related to them create the plural form in a different way than the others. Let’s compare:<\/p>\n

 <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

dobra kobieta \u2192 dobrE kobiety
\ndobry m\u0119\u017cczyzna \u2192 dobRZY m\u0119\u017cczy\u017ani<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Rzeczowniki m\u0119skoosobowe mog\u0105 mie\u0107 w liczbie mnogiej cztery r\u00f3\u017cne ko\u0144c\u00f3wki: -i, -y, -e, -owie. To, jak\u0105 ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0119 dostaje dany rzeczownik zale\u017cy od tego, na co si\u0119 ko\u0144czy jego temat. Oto tabelka z dok\u0142adnym opisem tych zasad:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Masculine personal nouns can have four different endings in plural: -i, -y, -e, -owie. The ending that is assigned to a specific nouns depends on the ending of the core of this noun. Here is a table with a detailed description of the rules:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

S\u0142owa “m\u0119\u017cczyzna” i “Francuz” s\u0105 wypisane oddzielnie, poniewa\u017c s\u0105 one bardzo nieregularne i nie ma innych rzeczownik\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re maj\u0105 takie same ko\u0144c\u00f3wki tematu i w liczbie mnogiej zachowuj\u0105 si\u0119 identycznie.<\/p>\n

Pragn\u0119 te\u017c wymieni\u0107 kilka innych rzeczownik\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re stanowi\u0105 wyj\u0105tki i maj\u0105 w liczbie mnogiej inne ko\u0144c\u00f3wki, ni\u017c wynika z tabelki:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

The words “m\u0119\u017cczyzna” and “Francuz” are given separately, because they are very irregular and there are no other nouns, which have the same ending of the core and which behave in the same way in the plural.<\/p>\n

I would also like to name some nouns which are exceptions and which have different endings than they should according to the table:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

cz\u0142owiek \u2192 ludzie
\nbrat \u2192bracia
\ndzieciak \u2192 dzieciaki
\nksi\u0105dz \u2192ksi\u0119\u017ca<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

Opr\u00f3cz tego warto zwr\u00f3ci\u0107 uwag\u0119 na fakt, \u017ce niekt\u00f3re rzeczowniki maj\u0105 dwie dopuszczalne formy liczby mnogiej:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • wiele rzeczownik\u00f3w ko\u0144cz\u0105cych si\u0119 na -log (psycholog \u2192 psycholodzy\/psychologowie; politolog \u2192 politolodzy\/politologowie; socjolog \u2192 socjolodzy\/socjologowie)<\/li>\n
  • kuzyn \u2192 kuzyni\/kuzynowie<\/li>\n
  • profesor \u2192 profesorzy\/profesorowie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    W ka\u017cdym przypadku obie formy s\u0105 ca\u0142kowicie poprawne i nie nios\u0105 w sobie \u017cadnych r\u00f3\u017cnic semantycznych.<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    It is also worth noticing that there are some nouns which have two potential plural forms:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • many nouns whoch are ended with -log (psycholog \u2192 psycholodzy\/psychologowie; politolog \u2192 politolodzy\/politologowie; socjolog \u2192 socjolodzy\/socjologowie)<\/li>\n
    • kuzyn \u2192 kuzyni\/kuzynowie<\/li>\n
    • profesor \u2192 profesorzy\/profesorowie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      In every case both forms are totally correct and they don’t have any semantic differences.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      <\/p>\n

      Z w\u0142asnego do\u015bwiadczenia wiem, \u017ce studentom cz\u0119sto jest \u0142atwiej zapami\u0119tywa\u0107 nie tylko grupy zasad i nie same ko\u0144c\u00f3wki z ich zmianami, a ca\u0142e listy konkretnych s\u0142\u00f3w z tej grupy. W\u0142a\u015bnie dla nich wypisa\u0142am oko\u0142o dwustu rzeczownik\u00f3w m\u0119skoosobowych wraz z ich formami w liczbie mnogiej:<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      I know from my own experience that it’s often easier for the students to remember not only the groups of rules and not only the endings with their changes, but whole lists of specific words from every group. It’s for those students that I have noted down around a two hundred masculine personal nouns together with their forms in the plural:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span> \"\"<\/span> \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      💖 Podoba Ci si\u0119 m\u00f3j kontent? Je\u015bli chcesz wesprze\u0107 moj\u0105 prac\u0119, to mo\u017cesz mi kupi\u0107 aromatyczn\u0105 kaw\u0119 ☺️☕️ <\/span>https:\/\/buycoffee.to\/polishnative<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      💖 Do you like my content? If you would like to support my work, you can consider buying me a nice cup of coffee ☺️☕️ <\/span>https:\/\/buycoffee.to\/polishnative<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      Na koniec zosta\u0142y nam przymiotniki, odnosz\u0105ce si\u0119 do rzeczownik\u00f3w m\u0119skoosobowych. Tu znowu najpierw daj\u0119 wam tabelk\u0119 z zasadami, a potem d\u0142ugie listy przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w do ka\u017cdej grupy.<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      Finally we have the adjectives, which are related to the masculine personal nouns. I am again giving you a table with all the rules and them long lists of examples to every group.<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      A teraz czas praktyki!<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      And now it’s time for practice!<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \u0410 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c!<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \u0106WICZENIE 1<\/p>\n